Bilingual Education For Foreign Students

Bilingual Education in the northeastern United States and Canada serves many advantages and benefits for students of limited English skills. Since the early sixty†s, it continues to serve a great advantage to foreign students. This is important because it gives these students the opportunity to achieve the â€Å"American Dream†. American educators have argued that the aim of education should be to assimilate a foreign student into the American mainstream, become good American citizens, and not keep their ethnic identity. The proponents of bilingual education believe that this form of instruction belittles a child†s ethnic and cultural heritage, creates low self-esteem, and fosters a high dropout rate. Therefore, certain bilingual education approaches encourages students† to maintain their language, ethnic and cultural identity, while at the same time learning a new language and culture altogether. Bilingual Education provides instruction for students in two languages. The primary goal of bilingual education in the United States is to teach English to students who don†t speak English or have limited English proficiency (LEP). Although Florida and California have decided to do away with this educational approach, the controversy regarding bilingual education will never end. In this paper different bilingual education approaches will be defined and the history of Bilingual Education will be touched upon. The Proposition 227 controversy and several views towards bilingual education will be discussed. The final conclusion will show my feelings toward bilingual education. There are many approaches that are used to instruct LEP students. Transitional bilingual education (TBE), which is currently incorporated in the NJ school systems, is geared to move LEP students into monolingual classes within two or three years. Programs such as this instruct students† in their native language in the same academic level as their monolingual peers. After appropriate English proficiency level is achieved the LEP students† are able to transfer skills to function successfully in a monolingual class. At the same time students† are also enrolled in classes that teach them English as a second language (ESL) (CQ Researcher, 1996). Bilingual proponents who prefer the developmental bilingual education (DBE) believe that the transitional approach defeats the whole purpose of bilingual education, because it doesn†t maintain a student†s native language. The critics prefer DBE because it is designed to teach both the students† native language and English. Using this approach the student is able to enhance his or her skills in their native language and also be able to learn English up until sixth grade. â€Å"The idea, they say, is to teach additive bilingualism, which makes students fluent in two languages while making them more nimble learners† (CQ Researchers, 1996). According to the article, â€Å"Teaching English to Non-English Speakers offers a Wide Range of Techniques† in the CQ Researchers (1996), the most sophisticated developmental approach is called two-way bilingual education. This approach mixes non-English speaking students with roughly an equal number of English speakers in the same classroom. Students are taught in one language in the morning and the other language in the afternoon. This approach gears to make both sets of students bilingual at levels of fluency that allow each to advance in language as well as in other subjects. Such programs are rare, but where they exist, and where they have well trained bilingual teachers (teachers fluent in both languages and who use interactive or group-learning techniques), most researchers and observers say that students perform better at every energy level of learning than their peers, no matter what kind of instruction the non-two-way students receive (CQ Researchers, 1996). Immersion education is another kind of teaching approach to bilingual education. In these classes, known as special alternative instructional programs, the most popular being structured immersion – students learn their second language from instructors who teach them subject matter presented in the new language. While immersion is based on instruction in the student†s second language, it is not what they call â€Å"sink-or-swim†. â€Å"Sink-or-swim† is when the teacher offers no extra help in learning the new language. The United States Supreme Court, in Lau v. Nichols(1974), declared that not offering extra help was a violation of federal civil rights law (CQ Researchers, 1996). The St.Lambert French immersion program was inaugurated in 1965 in Canada. It was designed to provide proficiency in both aspects of the French language, to promote English proficiency, to ensure an appropriate developmental level of achievement in academic subjects, and to have the students understand and appreciate the French Canadian without taking away from the students† identity for the English Canadian culture. These goals were shared by most of the immersion programs in Canada (cited in Paulston, 1988). The final approach is called alternate immersion, also known as sheltered English or sheltered subject-matter instruction. In sheltered classes children learn their second language first by studying subjects. My aunt, Odainy Tansey, who teaches in a bilingual school in Passaic New Jersey, says that the school board is attempting to introduce sheltered English into the classroom. She stated that sheltered English is not going to be a good approach in introducing a new language to foreign students. The language learning situation contains the necessary ingredients for second-language learning. There are three major components: (1) learners that realize that they need that target language (TL) and are motivated to make that move to learn English; (2) instructors who know the target language well enough to provide the learning tools needed to be able to learn English; and (3) a learning environment that allows both the students and the instructors together to be able to put the learning process to work. All three components are crucial in the learning process of a language. Although there are many different approaches, these three major steps are important. The three learning processes can be described as (1) social, (2) linguistic, and (3) cognitive (cited by Bialystok, 1991, 52). There are many questions concerning bilingual studies. For those whose families speak only Spanish, â€Å"it provides an inconsistent and not terribly successful process of remediation† (Kozol, 1985). For many of the most successful English-speaking students, on the other hand, foreign language study is a sign of excellence, preeminence, and academic promise. The law declares that classes conducted exclusively in English are â€Å"inadequate† for the education of children whose native tongue is another language and that bilingual education programs are necessary â€Å"to ensure equal educational opportunity to every child† (Pialorsi, 1974). Massachusetts became the first state to require and provide bilingual programs for children whose first language is not English. Soon after New York, California, Illinois, and Texas had laws permitting local school districts to provide bilingual education (Pialorsi, 1974). Although bilingual education still does exist in many states. Florida has completely done away with it, and California is in the process of also getting rid of bilingual education. The ballot initiative, Proposition 227, will soon end bilingual education in California public schools. Bilingual education was fully designed to involve immigrant parents in the education of their kids or to meet the needs of a sudden influx of refugees. Under this new ballot, children will receive no more than one year in English instruction of what is called sheltered English. Though the sheltered method is untested as a means of moving large numbers of kids into the mainstream classes, it is now the law (The New Republic, 1998). Proposition 227 was written by Ron Unz, a Republican multimillionaire from Silicon Valley, he got the idea from a group of Mexican-American parents. Most of the parents thought that the bilingual education system was holding their children back. Polls taken before Tuesday†s election indicated that anywhere â€Å"between 30 and 60 percent of Latino voters on California approved of the measure (The New Republic, 1998). Latinos agreed with this ballot as opposed to Proposition 187, where they took it as a form of immigrant bashing. In a monograph published by the New Jersey Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages-Bilingual Education (NJTESOL-BE), Professor Collier shares some of her less publicized insights. â€Å"We must encourage language-minority parents to speak the first language at home, not to speak English†¦to deny a child the only means of communicating with his parents†¦is tantamount to physical violence to that student† (Amselle, 1996). Bilingual Education can be a rewarding experience if instructed by the right people in the right manner. Sheltered English seems to be a terrible way to introduce English to a non-English speaker. The student will not be able to learn the language correctly and will not be able to get their correct thoughts across. Learning just pieces of a language is not good enough. That is just like going to a country that does not speak English as a first language with only one year of practice in that language. It will be difficult to ask where the bathroom is let alone take a test in that language. The only way for Bilingual Education to work is if they use the two-way bilingual education. This approach will allow both non-English speaking and English speaking students to learn each others† language. This approach will not make either student feel inferior to one another. Bilingual Education in the northeastern United States and Canada serves many advantages and benefits for students of limited English skills. The program has many good points and positive outcomes that out weight the negative outcomes. Most of the students result in success. Every child has their own style of learning and no matter what you are teaching there will always be one or two students that need special attention. Instead of doing away with the Bilingual Education program, they should design it so that it is full proof for the most part. The United States of America is considered the â€Å"melting pot†. There are so many different cultures and languages. There are people who are willing to put in extra effort and assist in making the Bilingual Education approach a successful one, and that is what should be put into perspective.

Fi561 You Decide

You Decide Page 1 FI561 – Mergers & Acquisitions – Week 3 Scenario Summary This is based on Merck’s Acquisition of Medco: Case 5. 1, pp. 124-125. Your Role/Assignment You are the Chairman and CEO of Merck. Make a recommendation to the Board of Directors of Merck & Co. regarding this acquisition based on the recommendations of the three associates and your own analysis. You are the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Merck & Company, and you will make the final â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† recommendation to the Board of Directors of the company.You are listening to the advice of various department heads regarding this acquisition. Based on your evaluations and additional analysis of the recommendations of your three associates, make your recommendation to the Board of Directors. What will you recommend? Yes? No? Yes with some conditions? What are the reasons for your recommendation? Activity Write an 8-10 page paper (double-spaced) of written analysis , including tables of financial calculations. Key Players Key Players – Image Title/Role/Character Script – Text & Audio Chief Operating OfficerI’m concerned about synergy and integration issues between our highly research-oriented development of pharmaceuticals here at Merck, and a prescription medicine marketing company like Medco. I am concerned that the cultures and operations of the two companies aren’t going to mix well, and that this deal would result in an expensive failure. Executive Vice President, Sales & Marketing I’m all for this acquisition! It will open new marketing leverage opportunities in the Managed Care market. Medco’s marketing database will create market expansion opportunities.This is the perfect answer for the current competitive environment, where other pharmaceutical manufacturers are acquiring drug marketing companies. You Decide Page 2 Chief Financial Officer This is my concern; I want to make sure that Merck pay s a premium for Medco at $6. 6 billion dollars. The combination of the two companies will immediately result in increase in Earnings Per Share for the combination vs. Merck as a stand- alone company. Although, I’m still concerned about continuing the growth of the stock price of Merck after the target company is acquired.Grading Rubric: Category Points Description Understanding 55 Demonstrate a strong grasp of the problem at hand. Demonstrate understanding of how the course concepts apply to the problem. Analysis 55 Apply original thought to solving the business problem. Apply concepts from the course material correctly toward solving the business problem. Execution 25 Write your answer clearly and succinctly using strong organization and proper grammar. Use citations correctly. Total 135 A quality paper will meet or exceed all of the above requirements. Fi561 You Decide You Decide Page 1 FI561 – Mergers & Acquisitions – Week 3 Scenario Summary This is based on Merck’s Acquisition of Medco: Case 5. 1, pp. 124-125. Your Role/Assignment You are the Chairman and CEO of Merck. Make a recommendation to the Board of Directors of Merck & Co. regarding this acquisition based on the recommendations of the three associates and your own analysis. You are the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Merck & Company, and you will make the final â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† recommendation to the Board of Directors of the company.You are listening to the advice of various department heads regarding this acquisition. Based on your evaluations and additional analysis of the recommendations of your three associates, make your recommendation to the Board of Directors. What will you recommend? Yes? No? Yes with some conditions? What are the reasons for your recommendation? Activity Write an 8-10 page paper (double-spaced) of written analysis , including tables of financial calculations. Key Players Key Players – Image Title/Role/Character Script – Text & Audio Chief Operating OfficerI’m concerned about synergy and integration issues between our highly research-oriented development of pharmaceuticals here at Merck, and a prescription medicine marketing company like Medco. I am concerned that the cultures and operations of the two companies aren’t going to mix well, and that this deal would result in an expensive failure. Executive Vice President, Sales & Marketing I’m all for this acquisition! It will open new marketing leverage opportunities in the Managed Care market. Medco’s marketing database will create market expansion opportunities.This is the perfect answer for the current competitive environment, where other pharmaceutical manufacturers are acquiring drug marketing companies. You Decide Page 2 Chief Financial Officer This is my concern; I want to make sure that Merck pay s a premium for Medco at $6. 6 billion dollars. The combination of the two companies will immediately result in increase in Earnings Per Share for the combination vs. Merck as a stand- alone company. Although, I’m still concerned about continuing the growth of the stock price of Merck after the target company is acquired.Grading Rubric: Category Points Description Understanding 55 Demonstrate a strong grasp of the problem at hand. Demonstrate understanding of how the course concepts apply to the problem. Analysis 55 Apply original thought to solving the business problem. Apply concepts from the course material correctly toward solving the business problem. Execution 25 Write your answer clearly and succinctly using strong organization and proper grammar. Use citations correctly. Total 135 A quality paper will meet or exceed all of the above requirements.

Archeological dig in Israel

Archeological dig in Israel In 2015 there was an archeological dig in Israel where researchers found different types of nuts.  ¨The nuts types were water chestnut, wild almond, prickly water lily, and 2 varieties of both acorns and pistachios. ¨(Nutcracker Museum) Also there were 50 pitted stones were found at the Israel site. Each stone had a dent. Dents in the stones appeared to have been formed when the stones were used to open or crack quantities of hard nuts. (Nutcracker Museum) They were called, nutting stones. Nuts formed a major part of mans diet 780,000 years ago. Archaeologists have found cracking equipment related to the isrealiites from some Native Americans. Native Americans would do the same process as the (Nutcracker Museum) pThe most common nuts used by the Native Americans were beechnuts, chestnuts, hickory nuts, and walnuts. After removing the inside of the nuts, the shells were used to make their fires. (Nutcracker Museum) 50,000 B.C. the oldest walnuts were found by the Greeks and the Romans. They were considered the food of the Gods. Walnuts were a traded item by English ships throughout the Mediterranean and that is why it is called the English Walnut. (Nutcracker Museum) In the 18th century, Walnuts were brought to California from Spain. Today California produces much of the worlds supply. Also, they used them as oil and for thickening cornstarch. The earliest remains of pecans were found in Texas. (Nutcracker Museum) They dated back to 6100 bc. The pecan was mainly in the diet of the natives and the early settlers. The macadamia originated in the rainforests of Queensland, Australia. (Nutcracker Museum) It was brought over to Hawaii in the 19th century where most of the worlds supply is grown today. Almonds are thought to be among the earliest harvested foods. (Nutcracker Museum) They have been found in both Cyprus and Greece and were mentioned in the Old Testament of the Bible. The hazelnut is known by many names such as the filbert, Cobnut, or Spanish Nut. The hazelnut is among the five sacred nourishments God gave to human beings based off of a manuscript found in China from the year 2838 B.C .(Nutcracker Museum) The cashew nut originates in Brazil. It was brought to India and Africa in the 16th century. (Nutcracker Museum) It was brought to the Philippines by the Spanish traders. The Brazil nut originated in South America and is mostly found in the Amazon basin. (Nutcracker Museum) It grows in section like an orange with 10-15 nuts at the same spot (Nutcracker Museum)The peanut is a member of the pea family, not a nut. They originated from South America where the Indians have used produced and consumed them for over 2000 years.(Nutcracker Museum) By the 20th century, there w as a huge demand for peanut oil, roasted and salted peanuts, as well as the new peanut butter. (Nutcracker Museum)

M&ms color distribution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M&ms color distribution - Essay Example The color of the candies has changed over the years depending on the market demands and other issues. For instance, the red color had been eliminated in the year 1976 after it was believed that it contained components that could cause cancer. It was replaced by orange color but it was later returned to the shelves after it was discovered that it was not after all carcinogenic. Each flavor has different color and is made of different ingredients making it to have a distinctive taste and look. The color is distributed through certain percentages. M & Ms color distribution has always been something that has intrigued different types of people. As a result, there are different people who have tried to analyze the colors. This article compares Josh Madison’s analysis and that from Consumer Affairs Office. According to the consumers’ affair office, the following are the statistics for the distributions of the colors: 25% brown, 10% blue, 6% green, 7% orange, 17% red, 18% yellow and 17% purple. Josh Madison analyzed the color distribution of the candies using the random sampling method. He did not take several packages of the candies from different locations. Instead he analyzed the candies from a single case which had a total of 48 packages. This would ensure that he was able to analyze packages that came from the same production store. He then took to counting all the candies with different colors in each package and compared it with the total number found in the whole sample as a way of checking the errors. These are results that were obtained from the analysis: 18.36% were blue, 14.16% brown 18.44% green, and 20.76% orange, 14.20% and 14% yellow. Blue was observed to be the most popular color but the statistics from the sampling were lower than the expected value of 24%. Comparing the statistics from the two analyses it can be observed that the distribution of the different colors is quite different. For instance,

Deforestation and the Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Deforestation and the Environment - Essay Example The first case is about deforestation in Sumatra, an Island in Indonesia (Kuhn). Deforestation on the island is mainly because of papermaking. APP, Indonesia’s largest papermaker runs numerous acacia tree plantations on the Island. These plantations have been set up by clearing a vast majority of forestland. Local dwellers have accused the officials of the company of bringing about dilapidation to the local environment. The second case is based in the United Sates, where Cargill Corporation burns large tracts of forestland in order to pave way for soya plantations (Greenpeace International) in Brazil. This, in the region, is coupled with the fact that cattle ranchers, who in other areas typically move into areas that have already been exploited by loggers, are in this case clearing forestland themselves in a bid to expand their operations. The situation appears bleak; with Greenpeace International projecting that deforestation rates will be rising in coming years.Perhaps the m ost immediately felt effect of deforestation in the Sumatra region is the fact that the activity deprives locals of one of their most important sources of food. They recall a time when they could hunt for deer and birds in the forest, an activity they now cannot undertake since animals of this nature do not create habitats in the acacia forests. Acacia trees do not provide enough shade for animals. Another effect of deforestation in Sumatra is the fact that it is destroying the natural habitat of the Sumatran Tiger.

Taxation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Taxation - Research Paper Example instituted the first regulated and sustainable tax system (Olmert, p. 41). Today tax systems have evolved to include a multitude of forms. There are taxes on income, property, and goods and services, with varying rates according to annual salary. The nature of such tax systems, while in many ways essential to the functioning of society, has raised a great degree of controversy. This essay considers the nature of the tax system in relation to whether taxes should be applied. From an overarching context, taxation is used by the state government to advance a variety of collective social needs. There are a variety of ways that taxation benefits society. One of the most prominent ways is through infrastructure that allows society to function at the most basic level. In these regards, there are a great many aspects of society that are necessary for the very simple tasks of operation. Taxation goes to pay for roads, interstates, traffic lights, and traffic signs (Xavier, p. 111). In additio n to specific infrastructure elements, taxation goes to pay for many utility and telecommunications processes. Furthermore, taxes fund the police and fire departments. These departments then ensure the safety and well being of society. Without these basic contributing elements then the very social order would disintegrate and society would not be able to function in the way that it currently does. Another way that taxation benefits society is through general social welfare and public works projects. In these regards, taxation functions as a sort of safety net for all members of society. Within this spectrum of consideration one recognizes that taxes contribute to elements including food stamp programs, welfare, unemployment, social security, and Medicare (Xavier, p. 111). This aspect of taxation is highly significant as it indicates that society is able to care for its sick and injured. This also creates the necessary elements required for general social well being. One considers th at recently President Obama implemented a universal health care system where members throughout society would be given the opportunity to opt into the health care program. While funding for this occurs from a variety of inputs, one of the fundamental contributing factors is general taxation. Ultimately, then this system ensures the health care of members of society that would otherwise not occur. In addition to these considerations, there are more abstract perspectives on taxation as a badge of the social good. This perspective considers that paying taxes marks an individual as a member of society. Adam Smith, the father of modern economics, is noted as saying, â€Å"Every tax, however, is, to the person who pays it, a badge, not of slavery, but of liberty† (Smith, p. 704). This perspective is largely entrenched in the notion of the social contract. As a political philosophy the social contract considers that an individual that operates within society does so as within the co nfines of a social contract. This involves not harming one’s neighbor, not committing crimes, and contributing to the general social good in a variety of ways. Taxes then constitute the ultimate articulation of the social contract as one is directly contributing their income and wealth to the general social good. This then is the recognition that taxes, above the direct social contributions

Legal Profession in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Legal Profession in the UK - Essay Example There has been no clear cut reason for the separation. The division appears to be more of prestige issue and professionally it is becoming an embarrassment to offer the excuse that the barrister performs a specialized or more professional role. Periodical studies highlight issues that throw the explanation of specialized roles of barristers in poor light (Cohen, Professor Harry; p11). Simply put, solicitors form the backbone of U.K.'s legal system. They come in direct contact with the public who come to them for all legal advises from litigation to commercial work. Litigation forms just a small part of the solicitor's work that involves "commercial transactions, corporate matters, land, share and other property dealings" (Legal professionals: barristers, solicitors, executives; 1998). In order to become a solicitor, it is necessary to take a one-year Legal Practice Course (LPC). There are over 30 institutions throughout England who offer the LPC. Thereafter, the law student has to obtain a two-years training contract with a solicitors' firm (The Legal Professions). Professionally, a solicitor must be a member of the Law Society which oversees his training, practice and the Society also takes up complaints made against the solicitor (Legal professionals: barristers, solicitors, executives; 1998). The role of the solicitor came ... Professionally, a solicitor must be a member of the Law Society which oversees his training, practice and the Society also takes up complaints made against the solicitor (Legal professionals: barristers, solicitors, executives; 1998). The role of the solicitor came into existence in 1823 when 'The London Law Institution' was formed by several prominent barristers. The name of this institution changed to 'The Law Society' in 1903. Women and ethnic minorities were not allowed to be members of the Law Society in those days. Now, half of the legal force in the U.K. comprises women (The Law Society, 2010). The closeness of the solicitors to people and corporations and their distinct efficiencies has enabled them to grow and flourish as individuals or firms. Solicitors have the potential to grow vertically and horizontally. Solicitors have their own firms, offices and clientele. They are the first point of contact in legal matters for the people at large in the U.K. They advise clients on how to file suits in litigations. They can negotiate out of court settlements on behalf of their clients. They have all the tools to carry out all aspects of legal work for their clients. Their powers have increased even more with their ability to represent their clients in the various courts (Types of Legal Career, 2010). Barristers A law graduate has to undergo "professional training through a Bar Vocational Course (BVC) and through pupilage with a qualified barrister" (Legal professionals: barristers, solicitors, executives; 1998).The barrister argues a case on behalf of the client in the courts. Mostly he takes cases in the higher courts, viz. Crown court and high courts. The solicitor is the link between the client and the

Personality disorders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personality disorders - Essay Example Temperaments are part of a person’s personality, and the part that we really can’t shape, since they are with us from birth. Biologically, a temperament is with you regardless of whether you’re born a boy or a girl, and babies of both genders are born the same way, with this preset code. It has been said that baby boys are harder to raise than their female counterparts, but all babies start out needing the same things, and already have their temperament ‘installed’ so that is a misconception, if not an old wives’ tale. Socially, temperaments don’t change, either. When you are first born, you have not had the opportunity to learn anything yet, so how you act around other people is in your temperament, not a learned behavior. They say that your temperament remains virtually unchanged throughout your life, so if you start out a social butterfly you are more likely to remain so when you do have the opportunity to learn behaviors. I believe that your temperament affects the development of your personality since it is a building block of who you are. You already have a set of rules that you follow in social situations, though you are not always aware of it, especially when you are young.

Describe your background in business and accounting, achieved through Personal Statement - 1

Describe your background in business and accounting, achieved through either academic or professional experiences - Personal Statement Example Carey School of Business. I have always believed that it is practical application which will add completeness to the theoretical skills gained in the classroom. In line with this conviction, I chose to spend last summer working as an assistant for a small accounting firm. I was instrumental in preparing financial reports and balance sheets. Those two months of hands-on exposure to real-time accounting has given me a glimpse into the authentic world of Business and has reinforced my belief that Accountancy is my right career choice. As my father is an entrepreneur and international businessman in China, a business background has always been a part of my life. My father has made me his confidant and I am familiar with many of the practical aspects and difficulties of international business. However, I am convinced that a solid academic foundation is the best route to success in any field. I believe that the MACC Program will serve as my stepping stone to success and equip me with the skills I need to become a formidable player in the business

Bipolar Disorder Essay Example for Free

Bipolar Disorder Essay I chose Bipolar Disorder and the history of bipolar it is a disease that is founded conceptualized, and it was by Kremlin, and it was at least more than 100 years ago. And back in history the unipolar it was a depression and it was bad blood, and it was call black bile so in the 19 century the illness it was in terms of biphasic illness. And people will have their ups and downs the ones that do have major bipolar disorder. So major depression it is higher in families that do have a history of a mood disorder. And the myths of this bipolar disorder its a mental disorder, and it is mood shifts, and this is also depression, and this does cause the person ability to function and the person energy to be slow. Their mood swings can come when you do expect it you ca be ok one minute and then all of sudden you are not because of the mood swings. Here are some myth and it is bipolar disorder it is a very rare condition and the bipolar it is mood swings. So the misconception of the bipolar is that it is not a real illness, and it is so easy for you to absorb the bipolar misconceptions but it is crucial to learn the facts. Also, the bipolar disorder it is a very highly treatable ant so it cyclical and the genetic illness it can be very well controlled but also in the same vein as the chronic illness. The treatment for the bipolar it is to make sure that the person function as well as they can between the episode s and make sure that they do treat to reduce severity acute episodes of this mania depression when it does happen to the person. And there are treatments like mood stabilizers and sleep aids and also social supportive care. Also, the Doctor he will see what may have triggered the attack. Also, the bipolar disorder it is a recurrent of the diseases it is unpredictable. There are other treatments for the bipolar disorder, and it is electroconvulsive therapy and there is pharmacotherapy. Some patients they cannot do the electroconvulsive therapy so they do put them on drugs that will help them. Also, back in the (1930) they could not do this test because it was consider as a shock block but now it is safe for them to do the test. Because over the past years it has become very safe for them. Also, bipolar disorder the treated with the drug call lithium, and this is the main first drug that they do use on bipolar patients. The signs and symptoms of the bipolar disorder there are the seasonal changes in mood  because some they do have bipolar disorder but their moods does change with the seasons. And then there are the signs of racing thoughts like they are full of ideas, but the symptom it can present in an irregular speech pattern. Then there are the feelings of guilt because if they are depressed then they may feel guilt about how their condition is. And they may feel so bad because of the pressure that they have put on their love ones and also their emotion toward their love ones. And there are symptoms of poor concentration and poor judgment. Also, they can have both symptoms of the depression and the mania, and they can happen at the same time, so this call mixed state. The diagnosis it is medical evaluation and psychometric testing. That way they can find out how bad their disorder may be. Because the patient can be very suicide also the type of professionals that are involved they are a psychiatrist and they do have a medical degree in this area So they can diagnosis but they do need to be seen by the psychiatrist for the bipolar disorder so that the Doctor can see what drug will best for them. Also, a psychiatrist some they do not give medication and some they will give them therapy just like a social worker would do. The one that is the best for bipolar it is cognitive behavioral therapy, and it does work very well for the bipolar patients. The diagnosis also for the type one is if the patient does have one manic episode but do not have a history of major depression. There are different types of bipolar disorder like bipolar one and bipolar two disorders. But it does depend on how bad the mood swings does occur. Because some mood swings, they can be classified as mixed because their mood swings does not last long so this is why it is call mixed. But for all types of this disorder they do sufferer experiences and significant problems their functioning in school and work. Some they may be put in the hospital because of psychotic symptoms because they may have the delusion or maybe have hallucinations. And if you do not get your bipolar took care of it can cause solemn probl ems like financial crisis. Some of the risk factors that the bipolar they are that the bipolar disorder it is not hereditary but the bipolar and schizophrenia they have a lot in common. And the two they do share a lot if the same risk genes so they both do have some of the genetic factors which are unique. And stress it can also cause the bipolar. So they need to try to not get stress do not let anyone stress them get away from it. The effects of neurotransmitters are that  they are the same as mania and depression. The nerve cells they do produce the neurotransmitters it like chemicals that do move like lighting from one cell to another, and the do carry a message. And the neurotransmitter serotonin it does regulate the moods, and sleep, and their appetite and also their memory. The environment and detract if you have bipolar you are to be on anti-depressant also anti-psychotic medication. And the patient they need to be a claim and be in a supportive environment because it will make it so much better for them to recover, and their medication will work for them much better. And make sure you do not get over tire take it easy. And make sure that you do eat three meals a day that is crucial for the patient. Also, the patient does need to stay away from people that does argue all the time because it will make the patient feel bad. So they do need to stay from people that may cause their life to be difficult. An d if they have a pet that will help them to, and they do need to get out and walk or maybe also jog visit their friends more than what they do because it good to be around friends. Well for the past the bipolar disorder it is a chemical dependence, and it was addressed as a separate condition and their treatment also which was at separate facilities. But when the people was diagnosed that they had the bipolar they are referred to a mental health treatment center. And some sent to a hospital that is psychiatric because they were abusing the drugs. So today they do recognize the treatment of the bipolar disorder and substance abuse through a process that is call integrated treatment. So it is the number of treatments, and it is for different treatments strategies for the bipolar. The background of the bipolar disorder it is chemical of imbalances of the brain, and it is the key of the bipolar disorder and it is the complex of the genetic and the environment and it does have other factors also. They do have a lot of episodes of the bipolar disorder. REFERENCES HUMAN DISEASES A SYSTEMIC APPROACH 2009 HTTP;//WWW.MEDICINENET.COM/BIPOLAR DISORDER HTTP;//WWW.APA.ORG HTTP;//WWW.EVERYDAYHEALTH.COM/HEALTH-REPORT BIPOLAR-DEPRESSION/BIPOLAR DISORDER.MISCONCEPTIONS.ASPX 2013 WWW.NYTIMES.COM/HEALTH/GUDIES/DISEASE/BIPOLAR DISORDER/TREATMENT.HTML 2012 http://www.dualdiagnosis.org

Types of Business Loan Business Loan Definitions

Types of Business Loan Business Loan Definitions In this research of this report am trying to find the different loan options that available to small and medium businesses from banks or other financial institutions. The research it will open the window on the different terms of loans i.e. short term, medium term and long term and it is up to the businesses to decide which is the most affective for the business. Also In this research will going to look at the loan types with details, the eligibility requirement and the application process for each with supporting information and documents will be provided for each loan. A loan can be defined as: An amount of money that is borrowed, often from a bank and it has to be paid back with an interest. (Press, 2017) There is two main forms in this research: The banks were visited and the online web researches. Bank of Ireland, AIB and Credit Union which were visited to collect some leaflet relating to the types of loan research. Online Web searches related to the subject within Republic of Ireland. Businesses loans are a sort of finance and are classified as a short term, Medium term, and long term. In this research will give some examples of uses for each loan type. Short term Money that is lent for a short time, usually less than one year. Short term loans assist businesses that their businesses is seasoned like retail businesses and businesses who like to build up inventory. Short terms are to raise working capital to cover temporary deficiencies in funds so you can meet your expenses. Medium Term A loan that must be paid back between two t ten years after the money is borrowed Term Loan usually designed to finance the purchase of fixed assets. It is also a method of paying for equipment in instalments. Long term A loan that is to be paid back over a period of time between three and ten years and sometimes for as long as twenty years. Term Long loan is usually for investments .Loan instalment and mortgage payments made with 12 month count as current liability and the outstanding debt or mortgage beyond 12 months is long-term liability.   Bank overdraft are a short term financial institution allowing businesses to issue cheques or make withdrawals on their current account, up to a specified amount. Interest is charged on daily basis on the amount of the overdraft used. Mostly, overdrafts are used by a business in managing its working Capital. Eligibility Flexible repayment Business loans tailored to your cash flow. Borrow up to 100.000 per annum. Application Process Applying could be online by completing an application form available. later will be a meeting from the bank with a loan-adviser to discuss your business requirement and if there Also you will required to with any other additional documentation in order to process your request. You can apply over the phone Business loans eligible for Business customers who are based in the Republic of Ireland and over 18s. This type of finance used to fund a wide range of moveable businesses and equipment, from machinery to transport vehicles. The bank buys the asset and leases it to the businesses by lease agreement that gives the business the use of assets for a time (3-5) years, in return for payment monthly to the bank. At the end of the lease by paying an annual rental to the bank, it can trade the asset in, or the asset may be bought outright. 2 types of business plan with the interest rate, Tax deductible and Vat reclaim. Offered by A I B. Eligibility Minimum advance à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬30.000 Maximum à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬150.000. Minimum term 10 years, Maximum term 15 years. Security required loan must secured by first charge on appropriate legal instrument. Loan Insurance is mandatory and is paid by member s. 6.50% current variable rate, Annual by 6.7%. Application Process Arrange a meeting with your at the department of loans manager. Complete the Application form in full. Gather any additional supporting documents or information that maybe required by the bank. And will be informed by the bank if any additional requirements wanted. Business loans eligible for Business customers who are based in the Republic of Ireland and over 18s. Although there are many types of loans available for businesses requirements and they are available and facilitated by the financial institutions. The conclusion is that businesses should be aware of what type of businesses is affordable depending on the capacity of business. Those financial institutions or the banks will be required to advance loans after center conditions set out in the agreement have been satisfied. Repayment of loans depends on sources that can generate cash during in a single operation cycle. Finally, the most important consideration, however the ability of the businesses to repay the amount of loans. References Allied Irish Bank PLC. (2017, January 20). Business.aib.ie. Retrieved from https://business.aib.ie/products/finance-and-loans/asset-finance Bank of Ireland. (2017, January 20). Buisness Loans Loans Bank of Ireland. Retrieved from https://businessbanking.bankofireland.com/credit/business-loans/small-business-loan/features-and-benefits/ Bank of Ireland. (2017, January 20). Small Business Loan Application Bank of Ireland Forms. Retrieved from https://form.bankofireland.com/small-business-loan-application/?facility=Loan Class Handout and Booklet. (n.d.). Douglas, A. (2003). Business Administration. Dublin: Gill Macmillian. Press, C. U. (2017, January 19). dictionary.cambridge.org. Retrieved from dictionary.cambridge.org: http://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/dictionary/english/loan

Business Leadership :: essays research papers

Parallel to the evolution that has occured in the business world in decades past, is the evolution of views on participative leadership among managers. Participative leadership refers to the manner in which employers have come to treat their employees. This treatment has evolved from days of traditional, autocratic relationships– in which employees were told exactly what tasks to do, without regard to their feelings or what intelligent input could be made– to today’s spectrum of treatment defined by two terms, human relations and human resources. Managers’ approaches today, now consider, not only the employees feelings, but the potential added benefits they might be able to bring to the firm. The difference between human relations and human resources lies in the goals and expectations of the manager. With human relations, the manager’s primary concern is reducing employee resistance to authority with the satisfaction of the employee’s basic n eeds to feel accomplishment and belonging in the company; secondary is the performance and added benefits the employee may be able to contribute once morale is increased. On the other hand, managers who practices human resources look to empower their employees by encouraging them to take initiative and reach goals by their own capabilities and resources. With the sense of self-accomplishment gained by doing this, it is then that employee morale will be raised. Not only will the employee’s presence truly matter, but the company’s productivity and success will also be greater. Managers’ stances today are headed in the direction of the human resources model, a beneficial move for the welfare of company relations and success, but there are those who still practice human relations. Many companies demonstrate both models, proving employer/employee relationships in today’s companies continue to range the spectrum.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Two guiding companies of the human resource model are Lucent Technologies and Miller Brewing Company. The employees of these firms have been empowered with the ability to work in teams and achieve goals on their own. This flexibility has resulted in creativity and productivity unseen before. The effect: greater employee morale, respect, and overall company success. With the human relations model, such success is uncomparable. Understandably, there are those who still advocate it though. Those people might look at such successful companies as Mary Kay Cosmetics. The consultants of this firm enjoy the encouragement and widespread support, making job loyalty and morale very high. However, in reality, employees of Mary Kay don’t have the opportunity or flexibility to explore their ideas in terms of corporate and influential decisions.

The Brilliant and Evil Hitler Essay -- Exploratory Essays Research Pap

The Brilliant and Evil Hitler Hitler was both brilliant and evil. He won the following of nearly all German people, and brought a desperate country out of poverty and post-war dissolution. It was not by virtue that Hitler accomplished these things. Instead, it was through evil planning, mass rallies, emotional appeal to a vulnerable population, stirring military displays, and the eventual extermination of millions of innocent people: Jews (anyone with one or more Jewish grandparent), Communists, Negroes, the mentally ill, and anyone else in his way. He called his plan to rid the world of "inferior" human beings the "Final Solution." Hitler had a brilliant mind. He brought Germany out of post-war depression and create jobs, comradere, and a better economy, yet he was very evil. He used his power, coersion, and manipulation to convince Germans to committ unthinkable atrocites against millions of innocent people. The signing of the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919, marked the end of WW1 and the beginning of severe depression in Germany. The treaty mandated disarmament, heavy reparations, a loss of 15% of German territory, which in turn took 7 million of her citizens, 75% of its iron-ore, its entire Navy, and all merchant men (Siegel 3). The effects of the treaty were devastating, causing severe unemployment (nearly 6 million in Germany) and devaluation of the German mark. Millions lost their life savings and became destitute. Other requirements included "the surrender of goods in vast quantities and the requirement to sign over future commercial opportunities" (Seigel 3). Germany's economy was devastated and Hitler was waiting, hovering in the darkness, to take full advantage of thi... ...and, and Germany. In his effort to unify all German-speaking people and eliminate non-Aryan races, Hitler was responsible for more than 12 million deaths. Using coercion, manipulation, and threats he convinced the German people if they did not comply with his demands, they would be added to staggering list of the dead. This threat, fed by the desire for an improved life is what led the German people into Hitler's hands. Works Cited Chambers, Mortimer., er al. The Western Experience. New York: Mcgraw Hill, 1995. Perry, Marvin., er al. Sources of the Western Tradition. Ed. George W. Bock: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1995. Siegel, Scott J., On-line article, In Defense of the German Civilian Population on Charges of Willing Accomplices to Crimes Against Humanity During WW II. Location: http://members.tripod.com/~ssscott/defense.html.

The John F. Kennedy Conspiracy Essay -- John F. Kennedy JFK conspiracy

The John F. Kennedy Conspiracy On November 22, 1963 President John F. Kennedy arrived in Dallas to a crowd of excited people lining the streets hoping to get a glimpse of the President. As his motorcade proceeded down Elm Street, Governor Connally's wife said, "You can't say that Dallas isn't friendly to you today Mr. President." Upon that, John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the United States was assassinated. The United States mourned the death of its young and inspiring President. It has been many years since the assassination of John F. Kennedy and people are still uncertain as to who was actually responsible for his assassination. Through the years there have been numerous theories that the CIA and the FBI were somehow linked to the assassination.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though many would doubt that the president's own government would conspire to murder him; there are several possible reasons for their potential participation in an assassination plot. The Bay of Pigs was the spark that ignited the devastating fire. 1500 CIA trained anti-Castro expatriates were sent to seize Cuba. At the critical last moment President Kennedy cancelled the air strikes which were supposed to disable Castro's air force. As a result more than 100 of the CIA's men were killed; the remaining agents surrendered. (Morrissey)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kennedy took full public responsibility for the Bay of Pigs disaster though secretly he blamed the CIA. Kennedy fired three of the CIA?s top men whom were responsible for the operation: Director Allen Dulles, who was later a member of the Warren Commission (Lifton 176), General Cabell, and Richard Bissel. (Morrissey) After the CIA lost time, effort, and people in the attempt to secure Cuba, the CIA became hostile and wanted to get rid of Kennedy to prevent him from losing more ground, especially in Vietnam.Adding to the fire were Kennedy?s secret commitments to pulling out of Vietnam and his threat to?Smash the CIA into a thousand pieces and scatter them in the wind? (Belzer 79)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were three known attempts on taking JFK?s life in the fall of 1963. In late October, Thomas Arthur Vallee was arrested by the secret service in Chicago days before a scheduled visit by Kennedy. Vallee was discovered to have an M-1 rifle, a handgun, and three thousand rounds of ammunition. Days later, the Secret Service received another threat: Kennedy would b... ...nd all of them were fired from Lee Harvey Oswald. The Commission stated that there was no conspiracy, domestic or international, and that there was no connection between Jack Ruby and Oswald. However, through the twenty six volumes and the approximately thirteen thousand pages of testimonies and documentary exhibits traces of testimonies from Kennedy?s physicians, Dallas physicians, eyewitnesses, or civilian films cannot be found. Works Cited Belzar, Richard. UFO?s, JFK, and Elvis conspiracies you don?t have to be crazy to believe. New York: The Ballantine Publishing Group, 1999. Galeano, Eduardo. Memory of Fire: III Century of the Wind. Part Three of a Trilogy, translated by Cedric Belfrage: Pantheon Books, 1988. Gest, Ted, at al. "JFK The Untold Story of the Warren Commission." U.S. News & World Report 17 August 1992: 28-42. JFK. Dir. Oliver Stone. Warner Bros, 1991. Lifton, David S. Best Evidence. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, Inc, 1980. Peterson, Roger S. "Declassified." American History July/ August 1996: 22-26, 54-57. The Bay of Pigs Revisited. Ed. Michael D. Morrissey. May. 1993. 3 May. 2000 .

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 6

â€Å"Isaid,get out ,† Meredith repeated to Caroline, still quietly. â€Å"You've said things that never should have been said in any civilized place. This happens to be Stefan's place – and, yes, it's hisplace to order you out, too. I'm doing it for him, though, because he never would ask a girl – and a former girlfriend, I might add – to get the hell out of his room.† Matt cleared his throat. He'd stepped back into a corner and everyone had forgotten about him. Now he said, â€Å"Caroline, I've known you way too long to be formal, and Meredith's right. You want to say the kind of things you've been saying about Elena, you do it somewhere faraway from Elena. But, look, there's one thing I know. No matter what Elena did when she was – was downhere before† – his voice dropped a little in wonder, and Bonnie knew that he meant, when Elena was here on Earth before – â€Å"she's as close to an angelnow as you can get. Right now she's†¦she's†¦completely†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He hesitated, stumbling for the right words. â€Å"Pure,† Meredith said easily, filling in the blank for him. â€Å"Yeah,† Matt agreed. â€Å"Yeah, pure. Everything she does is pure. And it's not like any of your nasty words could stain her, anyway, but the rest of us just don't like hearing you try.† There was a low â€Å"Thank you† from Stefan. â€Å"I was already going,† Caroline said, now through her teeth. â€Å"And don't youdare preach atme about purity ! Here, with all this going on! You probably just want to watch it going on yourself, two girls kissing. You probably – â€Å" â€Å"Enough.† Stefan said it almost expressionlessly, but Caroline was swept off her feet, up and out of the door, and deposited there by invisible hands. Her purse trailed after her. Then the door quietly shut. Fine hairs rose on the back of Bonnie's neck. This was Power, in such amounts that her psychic senses were stunned and temporarily paralyzed. Moving Caroline – and she wasn't a small girl – now that took Power . Maybe Stefan had changed just as much as Elena had. Bonnie glanced at Elena, whose pool of serenity was rippling because of Caroline. Might as well take her mind off it, and maybe make herself worthy of athank you from Stefan, Bonnie thought. She tapped Elena's knee, and when Elena turned, Bonnie kissed her. Elena broke the kiss very quickly, as if afraid to set off some holocaust again. But Bonnie saw at once what Meredith had said about it not being sexual. It was†¦more like being examined by someone who used all her senses to the fullest. When Elena moved away from Bonnie she beamed at her just as she had at Meredith, all the distress washed away by – yes, thepurity of the kiss. And Bonnie felt as if some of Elena's tranquility had soaked into her. â€Å"†¦should have known better than to bring Caroline,† Matt was saying to Stefan. â€Å"Sorry about butting in. But Iknow Caroline, and she could have gone on ranting for another half hour, never actually leaving.† â€Å"Stefan took care of that,† Meredith said, â€Å"or was that Elena, too?† â€Å"It was me,† Stefan said. â€Å"Matt had it right: she could keep on talking forever without actually leaving. And I'd just as lief nobody run Elena down like that in my hearing.† Why are they talking about those things? Bonnie wondered. Of all people, Meredith and Stefan were least inclined to chatter, but here they were, saying things that didn't really need to be said. Then she realized it was for Matt, who was moving slowly but with determination toward Elena. Bonnie got up as quickly and as lithely as if she could fly, and managed to pass Matt without looking at him. And then she was joining Meredith and Stefan in small talk – well, medium-small talk – about what had just happened. Caroline made a bad enemy, everyone agreed, and nothing seemed to teach her that her schemes against Elena always backfired. Bonnie would bet that she was hatching a new scheme right now against all of them. â€Å"She feels lonely all the time,† Stefan said, as if trying to make excuses for her. â€Å"She wants to be accepted, by anyone, on any terms – but she feels – apart. As if nobody who really got to know her would trust her.† â€Å"She's defensive,† Meredith agreed. â€Å"But you'd think she'd showsome gratitude. After all, we did rescue her and save her life just over a week ago.† There was more to it than that, Bonnie thought. Her intuition was trying to tell her something – something about what might have happenedbefore they had been able to rescue Caroline – but she was so angry on Elena's behalf that she ignored it. â€Å"Why should anybody trust her?† she said to Stefan. She sneaked a peek behind her. Elena was definitely going to know Matt anywhere, and Matt looked as if he were fainting. â€Å"Caroline's beautiful, sure, but that's it. She never has a good word to say about anybody. She plays games all the time – and – and Iknow we used to do some of that, too†¦but hers are always meant to make other people look bad. Sure, she can take mostguys in† – a sudden anxiety swept over her, and she spoke more loudly to try to push it away – â€Å"but if you're a girl she's just a pair of long legs and big – â€Å" Bonnie stopped because Meredith and Stefan had frozen, with identicalOh-God-not-again expressions on their faces. â€Å"And she also has very decent hearing,† said a shaking, threatening voice from somewhere behind Bonnie. Bonnie's heart leaped into her throat. That was what you got for ignoring premonitions. â€Å"Caroline – † Meredith and Stefan were both trying for damage control, but it was too late. Caroline stalked in on her long legs as if she didn't want her feet to touch Stefan's floorboards. Oddly, though, she was carrying her high heels. â€Å"I came back in to get my sunglasses,† she said, still in that trembling voice. â€Å"And I heard enough to know now what my so-called ;;friends' think of me.† â€Å"No, you didn't,† Meredith said, as rapidly eloquent as Bonnie was stunned mute. â€Å"You heard some very angry people letting off steam after you'd just insulted them.† â€Å"Besides,† Bonnie said, suddenly able to speak again, â€Å"admit it, Caroline – youhoped you'd hear something. That's why you took off your shoes. You were right behind the door, listening, weren't you?† Stefan shut his eyes. â€Å"This is my fault. I should have – â€Å" â€Å"No, you shouldn't,† Meredith said to him, and to Caroline she added, â€Å"And if you can tell me one word we said that isn't true, or was exaggerated – except maybe for what Bonnie said, and Bonnie is†¦just being Bonnie. Anyway, if you can point to one word of what the rest of us said that isn't true,I'll beg your pardon.† Caroline wasn't listening. Caroline was twitching. She had a facial tic, and her lovely face was convulsed, dark red, with fury. â€Å"Oh, you'regoing to beg my pardon all right,† she said, wheeling to point her long-nailed forefinger at each of them. â€Å"You'reall going to be sorry. And if you try that – that witchcraft-vampire type thing on me again,† she said to Stefan, â€Å"I have friends – real friends – who'd like to know about it.† â€Å"Caroline, just this afternoon you signed a contract – â€Å" â€Å"Oh, who gives a damn?† Stefan stood up. It was dark now inside the small room with its dusty window, and Stefan's shadow was thrown before him by the bedside lamp. Bonnie looked at it and then poked Meredith, as the hairs tingled on her arms and neck. The shadow was surprisingly dark and surprisingly tall. Caroline's shadow was weak, transparent, and short – an imitation shadow beside Stefan's very real one. The thunderstorm feeling was back. Bonnie was shaking now; trying not to, but unable to stop the shivering that had come on as if she had been thrown into icy water. It was a cold that had gotten directly into her bones and was ripping layer after layer of heat off them like some greedy giant, and now she was beginning to shakehard†¦. Something was happening to Caroline in the darkness – something was coming from her – or comingfor her – or maybe both. In any case, it was all around her now, and all around Bonnie, too, and the tension was so thick that Bonnie felt choked, her heart pounding. Beside her, Meredith – practical, level-headed Meredith – stirred uneasily. â€Å"What – ?† Meredith began in a whisper. Suddenly, as if it had all been exquisitely choreographed by the things in the dark – the door to Stefan's room slammed shut†¦the lamp, an ordinary electric one, went off†¦the ancient rolled-up shutter over the window came rattling down, dropping the room into sudden and complete darkness. And Caroline screamed. It was an awful sound – raw, as if it had been stripped like meat from Caroline's backbone and yanked out of her throat. Bonnie screamed, too. She couldn't help it, although her scream sounded too faint and too breathless, like an echo, not the coloratura job that Caroline had done. Thank God that at least Caroline wasn't screaming any longer. Bonnie was able to stop the new scream building in her own throat, even though her shaking was worse than ever. Meredith had an arm around her tightly, but then, as the darkness and the silence went on and Bonnie's shaking only continued, Meredith got up and heartlessly passed her to Matt, who seemed astonished and embarrassed, but tried awkwardly to hold her. â€Å"It's not as dark once your eyes get used to it,† he said. His voice was creaky, as if he needed a drink of water. But it was the best thing that he could have said, because of all things in the world to fear, Bonnie was most afraid of the dark. There werethings in it, things that only she saw. She managed, despite the terrible shaking, to stand with his support – and then she gasped, and heard Matt gasp, too. Elena was glowing. Not only that, but the glow extended out behind her and far to either side of her in a pair of what were beautifully defined, and undeniablythere†¦wings. â€Å"She h-has wings,† Bonnie whispered, the stutter caused by her shaking rather than by awe or fear. Matt was clinging toher now, like a child; he obviously couldn't answer. The wings moved with Elena's breathing. She was sitting on thin air, steady now, one hand held out with her fingers all spread in a gesture of denial. Elena spoke. It wasn't any language that Bonnie had heard before; she doubted it was any language people on Earth used. The words were sharp, thin-edged, like the splintering of myriad shards of crystal that had fallen from somewhere very high and very far away. The shape of the wordsalmost made sense in Bonnie's head as her own psychic abilities were sparked by Elena's tremendous Power. It was a Power that stood tall against the darkness and now was sweeping it aside†¦making the things in the dark scamper away before it, their claws scritching in all directions. Ice-sharp words followed them all the way, dismissive now†¦. And Elena†¦Elena was as heartbreakingly beautiful as when she'd been a vampire, and seemed almost as pale as one. But Caroline was shouting, too. She was using powerful words of Black Magic, and to Bonnie it was as if the shadows of all sorts of dark and horrible things were coming from her mouth: lizards and snakes and many-legged spiders. It was a duel, a face-off of magic. Only how had Caroline learned so much dark magic? She wasn't even a witch by lineage, like Bonnie. Outside Stefan's room, surrounding it, was a strange sound, almost like a helicopter. Whipwhipwhipwhipwhip†¦ It terrified Bonnie. But she had to do something. She was Celtic by heritage and psychic because she couldn't avoid it, and she had to help Elena. Slowly, as if making her way against gale-force winds, Bonnie stumbled to put her hand on Elena's hand, to offer Elena her power. When Elena clasped hands with her, Bonnie realized that Meredith was on her other side. The light grew. The scrabbling lizard things ran from it, screaming and tearing at each other to get away. The next thing Bonnie knew, Elena had slumped over. The wings were gone. The dark scrabbling things were gone, too. Elena had sent them away, using tremendous amounts of energy to overwhelm them with White Power. â€Å"She'll fall,† Bonnie whispered, looking at Stefan. â€Å"She's been using magic so strong – â€Å" Just then, as Stefan started to turn to Elena, several things happened very fast, as if the room was caught in the flashes of a strobe light. Flash. The window shade rolled back up, rattling furiously. Flash. The lamp went back on, revealing it was in Stefan's hands. He must have been trying to fix it. Flash. The door to Stefan's room opened slowly, creaking, as if to make up for slamming shut before. Flash. Caroline was now on the floor, on all fours, groveling, breathing hard. Elena had won†¦. Elena fell. Only inhumanly fast reflexes could have caught her, especially from across the room. But Stefan had tossed the lamp to Meredith and was across the distance faster than Bonnie's eyes could follow. Then he was holding Elena, encircling her protectively. â€Å"Oh,hell ,† said Caroline. Black trails of mascara ran down her face, making her look like something not quite human. She looked at Stefan with unconcealed hatred. He looked back soberly – no,sternly . â€Å"Don't call on Hell,† he said in a very low voice. â€Å"Not here. Not now. Because Hell might hear and call back.† â€Å"As if it already hadn't,† Caroline said, and in that moment, she was pitiful – broken and pathetic. As if she had started something she didn't know how to stop. â€Å"Caroline, what are you saying?† Stefan knelt. â€Å"Are you saying that you've already – made some bargain – ?† â€Å"Ouch,† Bonnie said, suddenly and involuntarily, shattering the ominous mood in Stefan's room. One of Caroline's broken nails had left a trail of blood on the floor. Caroline had knelt in it, too, making things pretty messy. Bonnie felt a sympathetic throb of pain in her own fingers until Caroline waved her bloody hand at Stefan. Then Bonnie's sympathy turned to nausea. â€Å"Want a lick?† she said. Her voice and face had changed entirely, and she wasn't even trying to hide it. â€Å"Oh, come on, Stefan,† she went on mockingly, â€Å"youdo drink human blood these days, don't you? Human or – whatever she is, whatever she's become. You two fly like bats together now, do you?† â€Å"Caroline,† Bonnie whispered, â€Å"didn't yousee them? Her wings – â€Å" â€Å"Just like a bat – or another vampire already. Stefan's made her – â€Å" â€Å"I saw them too,† Matt said flatly, behind Bonnie. â€Å"They weren't bat wings.† â€Å"Doesn't anybody have eyes?† Meredith said from where she stood by the lamp. â€Å"Look here.† She bent. When she stood again she was holding a long white feather. It shone in the light. â€Å"Maybe she's a white crow, then,† Caroline said. â€Å"That would be appropriate. And I can't believe how you're all – all – fawning on her as if she were some sort of princess. Always everybody's little darling, aren't you, Elena?† â€Å"Stop it,† Stefan said. â€Å"Everybody's, that's the key word,† Caroline spat. â€Å"Stop it.† â€Å"The way you were kissing people one after another.† She gave a theatrical shudder. â€Å"Everyone seems to have forgotten, but that was more like – â€Å" â€Å"Stop, Caroline.† â€Å"Thereal Elena.† Caroline's voice had become pretend-prissy, but she couldn't keep the venom out, Bonnie thought. â€Å"Because anyone who knows you knows what youreally were before Stefanblessed us with hisirresistible presence. You were – â€Å" â€Å"Caroline, stop right there – â€Å" â€Å"A slut! That's all! Just a cheap, anybody'sslut !†

Afghan American Story Essay

The entire story of the book entitled â€Å"West of Kabul, East of New York: An Afghan American Story† started as an e-mail sent by the author himself to at least 20 people which in turn got forwarded to 1,000 or more people in the entire American region and some other parts of the world. The email was sent after the September 11 bombing in New York which wiped out the twin towers [World Trade Center] and some parts of the Pentagon structures. The startling situation that surprised the whole world began to bring up notions and allegations against the Afghan community which was the primary suspect in the said event. This particular situation has lead to the wanting of the author to present his situation as bi-cultural American-Afghan and the views that he may be able to partake in clearing some issues in the case. The author, Tamim Ansary was a well-known author of Children’s books. However, with the even of the September 11 bombing arising in the scene, he decided to change his approach for a while and set a straight path in presenting the reality behind the Afghan communities and cultures against that of the Taliban fictionary stories that were mixed up with the reports during that particular event in history. The use of his personal experience in this reading has made Tamim Ansary one of the most entertaining authors of history. His enlightened view of his situation and his personal being gave at least a glimpse of the reality behind the Afghan communities. The issues were at least presented in a less political approach thus making the readers focus more on the personal views of the author as a person who is torn between two conflicting cultures at the time. Using the emails as a prologue to the book made it more personal and highly regarded by the public. Although it was not a mere process of marketing on the part of the author himself but a personal aim of reaching to the hearts of those who are concerned about the current situation governing Afghanistan and America, it could not be denied that the emails became the most effective invite to the readers to buy the book of Ansary. One particular part of the book that highlights the personality change in the author’s being is that of his transfer to the Americas during his 16th year of age. Most likely, being half American, half Afghanistan made him a bit torn on which culture he ought to follow as a growing teen. However, the circumstance of his life seems to already have decided on this matter. His being acquainted and later on familiarized with the American culture during his earlier years of teenage has actually shaped him into an exact American individual that he is right now. Something that made a great impact on him that even though when he went back to Afghanistan and learned about his Islam roots in a deeper view, he remained being an American thus deciding to be called as â€Å"Tamim Ansary, the American†. This particular decision on his part may have caused several readers to exclaim that he may not have considered his Afghan roots as much as he should. However, it should be noted that as a person who is bicultural, he has every reason of deciding on which part of his being he should stand strongest at. Seeing the situations entangling both cultures, perhaps he saw himself better as an American than that of an Afghan. This particular decision is based upon his own gauge of himself. No one should actually judge him based on this decision as it only depicts the real person that he is with regards his own measurement of his personality and nothing more. This decision is a right that he has to accept and act upon; anyway, whether he chooses to be an American or an Afghan, in the end, it would still be him that would decide on how he should be known by the people that he lives with and it is not through the historical roots of his cultures but through the being that he has become as an individual who aims to become the best . As mentioned earlier, Ansary decided to come to America for his high school education. This may have raised issues, but on the other hand, he is indeed able to see his American roots in as he made this particular decision in his life. As a 16 year-old young man, he was able to rationally consider the differences of being and Afghan and an American thus making him more knowledgeable of who he really is or who he really wants to become. His standing as an individual on which culture he wanted to be most likely acquainted with has been further developed in this stage in his life. Undeniably, this experience in his life made him more developed as an individual giving him all the skills and the possibilities that he needs in his life. Obviously, he became the author that he wanted to become because of being an American. His career soared because his choice was quite clear. He did not abandon being an Afghan through this process as others may conclude. As he turned into a more adult person, his want of seeing his Afghan roots furthered that he decided to travel back to Afghanistan and discover the culture and the history of the country with a more mature view as a freelance journalist. This decision in his part made him see what kind of life he would have possibly been living through all his life if he chose to remain in Afghanistan. This situation made him appreciate the decision that he has made in transferring to America for further high school education. He knew within himself though that the afghan part of his being remained in tact and is still and would always hone the individual that he is inside. It is already a part of who he is and would always be a part of who he becomes later on. He grew up as a Muslim. This is obviously no part of his own decision, but getting absorbed with the culture at an early age could have been one of his particular decisions to have taken responsibility about. Being absorbed much in the Muslim culture has further hardened his process of recognizing his other culture in a much acceptable process. This may have been dealt with earlier in a more decisive way on his part. However, giving him the benefit of the doubt, he was rather young during those years to make certain actions and decision upon himself. At some parts of the book later on, he points out the differences of the Americans and the Islam communities in the east. The differences were quite presented in a biased view that showed more concern of the American culture’s positivity. This may have raised questions but it could not be denied that the author had these views because of the fact that he was able to actually see the differences of the two cultures in different distinctive perspectives of knowledge and involvement. He could have at least made the differences depict the positive effects of the culture to his development as an individual. As an Afghan-American individual, he was further developed into a person who knows the differences of a traditional life with that of a more democratic way of living. He showed how much an Islam could change in a different culture that is presented to him in a more vivid picture. He changed as much as he could and became a democratic individual as he embraced the American culture as a youngster. The presentation may however be one particular flaw of the book to some readers particularly because of the fact that it may have been viewed with some certain bias on the presentation of the views of the author with the situations that he faced as a young Afghan American in fitting in with the western culture. To present the facts with more objectiveness on the subject, it is constantly required among authors to have a balanced presentation of both sides of the facts that they are tying to show the readers. This could have been done consistently in the entire book as to how Ansary presented the first parts of the reading. One more part of the reading that ought to be changed is that of the author’s handling of the changes that he had to face as an Afghan-American during his 16th year of age. He ought to have been able to immediately adapt to the changes needed in his original culture if he has tried to make the changes more delicately related to his original Islam culture. Adjustments were acceptably hard to accept immediately but the changes were likely more effective if he was able to relate how Islam culture could be more related to that of the American lifestyle.

What do we learn about the society of Messina in the play ‘Much Ado About Nothing’?

We define society as somewhere where we live, our surroundings, something in which we live, or as the oxford dictionary would say A group of humans broadly distinguished from other groups by mutual interests, participation in characteristic relationships, shared institutions, and a common culture. There are many things that play a part in our society, such as education and leisure pursuits, and this is no different to the Elizabethan times and Messina. Messina is the town in which the play ‘Much Ado About Nothing' is set. There are many different points in the play that tell us of the many different parts of society in Messina and what the town is like as a whole. However it strikes me as rather odd as to why Shakespeare set this play in a town many people at the time would not have known about. He could have just as easily set it in the hustle and bustle of London, but instead chose Messina. For one Shakespeare chose Messina because of the ease he could use ‘noting'. He could include it in his play and the audience would know it suited Messina, this is because like London, Messina is a very busy town, and in towns like that news spreads fast, another reason is that because many in Messina are not as well off as others, people will want to know things that they can use against others, a way of getting money, and a very quick way. Other reason why Shakespeare has chosen Messina is that some because they suit the play better, and some because they suit him better. Firstly, Messina is a very hurly burly seaport town, which was in turn a lot like London, however Shakespeare would have also chose it because he could have created humour easier. He could mock the public figures, and the royalty, and even mock the Spanish for losing to England (Messina was part of the Spanish empire, and not too long before had the English defeated the Spanish – the Spanish Armada) without fear of anything, whereas if he would have done this in England he could have been put up for treason. Despite him setting the play in Messina, which is a fairly unknown place to most of the audience, he still gets the audience to associate with certain characters in the play. The most noticeable character in the play, and the one most Elizabethans could have associated with would have been the two watches, Dogberry and Verges. This would have been because watches like these two would have also been around in London, but not quite so idiotic. All of these reasons are very important in the play and the image of the society of Messina we receive from the play. Noting is all the way through the play however it is in some cases purposely done, the most obvious is when Don Pedro, Leonato and Caudio are playing a trick on Benedick into thinking that Beatrice loves him â€Å"O ay, stalk on, stalk on, the fowl site – I never think that lady would have loved any man† Act 2 Scene 5 Line 89-90 (The conversion continues from line 86to line 206) Employment is a major contributing factor to any town's society. In Messina I get the feeling most are employed on the port, something in which the town was famous for. I have also picked up the idea that most in the town are working class, however the main characters in the play tend to be higher class. Leonato is the governor of Messina, however he is the not the highest ranked person in the play. Leonato is a wealthy man, with one daughter, Hero. I get the idea he is the wealthiest person in Messina, with Antonio close behind. However, when Don Pedro, Don John and Claudio enter they give us a different insight into employment in Messina. I feel that no one in Messina is actually involved in war, as these three are congratulated when they arrive home. Thus showing that it was rare to have people in Messina fighting in Battle. Don Pedro is royalty, and is also a very wealthy man. He has received all his money from inheritance and has only ever worked with the army, fighting in battles. Dogberry is a typical working class man, and I ame shown this as he is in the job of watch at Leonato's castle. A very poorly paid, boring job that anyone can easily qualify for. As we know many Messinians do not appear to be tied down with work, and have a very active social life. They often like to dance and sing, which is a very often occurrence in the Elizabethan days. I find out about a masked ball that many of the town members go to, and it appears that they are all happily enjoying the event. This seems like it is a regular occurrence in the town that everyone happily enjoys. It is also an excellent place for ‘noting' to go on. It is also a very important part in the play as this is where most noting can go on, but the twit is that no one knows who each other is, it creates the theme of illusion and deception as we find out when Beatrice is talking to a ‘masked chum' but we all know the it is really Benedick. Why, he is the Prince's Jester, a very dull fool; onlhis gift is devising impossible slanders. None but libertines delight in him, and the commendation is not in his wit, but in his villainy; for he both pleases men and angers them, and then they laugh at him and beat him. I am sure he is in the fleet; I would he had boarded me† Act 2 Scene 1 Line 120-126 (The conversation carries on from line 120 to 137) The behaviour of people on the town seems to be on the whole very good. However that is the first impression, we actually see how Messina is quite corrupt with many sneaky villains. Firstly though I feel that the Messinians treat outsiders very well, especially royalty, as we see from the greeting Don Pedro, Don John and Claudio receive. â€Å"Never came trouble to my house in the likeness of your grace. For trouble being gone, comfornt should remain, but when you depart from me, sorrow abides and happiness takes his leave† Act 1 Scene 1 Line 86-89 Leonato pays the royalty much respect and shows them utmost formality. The Messinians make everything go up in standard, and this shows signs of them going out of their way to the arrival of the royalty. Also the introduction to everyone in Act 1 Scene 1 is very long, it goes on from lines 83 to 141 until everyone is introduced to each other. However there is a much more corrupt side to the town of Messina, as we find out later in the play, anyone will be two faced and betray people if it involves a little money. The evil on comes into the play when Don John arrives as he is the main villain in the play, and we find out how he is the brains behind most of the plots, but never wishes to get his hands dirty. â€Å"Therefore I have earned of Don John a thousand ducats† Act 3 Scene 3 Line 105-6 This shows us how Don John is happy to give money away as it gets the evil deed done but also leaves him out of the equation when someone is receiving the blame. Men and women both play major roles in this play, however are treated very differently. Men are obviously the superior gender in this play, which is very normal for the time this play was performed. The man they are either married to or a father and they literally own the women. When the wedding day comes along they father of the daughter will pass her to the husband to now ‘look after'. â€Å"Give me this maid your daughter? Act 4 Scene 1 Line 23 â€Å"As freely son as God did give her me† Act 4 Scene 1 Line 24 Claudio speaks of Hero as if Leonato owns her, and then Leonato is confirming that the ownership of Hero is changing from himself to Claudio. They also seem to have other attitude towards love and marriage. They seem to abide by arranged marriages, however some obviously don't. Most of the younger chara cters in the play are single, however are chasing love but just cannot find it. If they are married they have to be very similar, as in from the same background, with the same upbringing. They also deem it very important for a woman to be unchased before her wedding day, as this is the best thing a father can offer. I can tell this as when Leonato finds out hero is ‘unchased' then the bursts into a fit of rage â€Å"Wherefore? Why, doth not every earthly thing, Cry shame upon her? Could she here deny, Do not live Hero, do not open thine eyes† Act 4 Scene 1 Line 118 – 120) (This enragement carries on from line 118 to 141) The social status also gives us an excellent insight to the society of Messina. Someone like Benedick or Don Pedro, both very clever, typically shows us someone from the upper class. They both have a good education, very well spoken and also very witty. â€Å"Then is courtesy a turncoat. But it is certain I am loved of all ladies, only you excepted, and I would I could not find in my heart that I had a hard heart, for truly I love none. † Act 1 Scene 1 Lines 109-112 This shows how witty and quick-fired Benedick is when speaking with Beatrice from lines 109 to 130 in Act 1 Scene 1 of the play. However the lower and working class is a completely different story. The character from which we receive most information about the working class is Dogberry, for one his name is very well chosen as Dogberry meant Dog Rose, this is a very common rose, and is purposely chosen to suit his class in the play. However we also learn about his class through his lines in the play. â€Å"Your are thought here to be the most senseless and fit man for the constable of watch†¦ † Act 3 Scene 3 Line 21-23 We can see form his spoken language he is also very common, he tries to be witty in the play, but is always making mistakes, by saying the wrong word, like in this extract where he says â€Å"senseless† instead of sensible. This is a very effective way of creating humour but also an effective way in showing us to the social background of this character. â€Å"She's but the sign of semblance of her honour Behold how like a maid she blushes here! † Act 4 Scene 1 Lines 31-32 This is the part in which we find out Hero is not a Virgin. Claudio describes the blushes of guilt and nothing to do with her modesty. However Leonato does not follow, and misunderstands what Claudio has said to him. â€Å"Dear my lord, if you not in your own proof Have vanquished the resistance of her youth, And made defeat of her virginity-† Act 4 Scene 1 Lines 44-46 He only thinks Claudio is confessing that they have had sex, and not Hero with another man. Upon this misunderstanding Claudio has to explain himself once more, and then Leonato realises what he is saying. Instead of jumping to the rescue of his daughter, he chooses to disown her, by slapping her and yelling at her on her wedding day. Proving to the audience how chastity of your daughter was a very important thing in Messina. To conclude, I feel we learn a lot about the society of Messina in this play. However Shakespeare does not put it straight in front of you, he hides it behind his writing, and the characters lines. We learn of all the different social statuses in Messina and also the superiority of the male gender. I feel the most striking thing about Messina though, is how corrupt it is. You get the impression that it is a very friendly, peaceful town, however as we delve further into the play we find out the truth. The audience watching this would have been able to recognise many people and parts in this play, because it is so much like Elizabethan England at the time this was performed. Many families suffered from the divide on employment and social status, and many families also saw the chastity of their daughter the most important thing a father could offer, however the thing they would most be able to associate with would have been Dogberry and Verges. The watches would have been a very strong figure in England, and would be instantly recognisable from the moment they stepped on stage and one that would be guaranteed to raise a lot of laughs in the crowd.

Marketers Persue the Shallow Pocketed

Is the information being discussed in this article another example of colonialism? Why or why not? Identify two potential positives and two negatives direct marketing of the poor has on people and their economies. What theory of development is most applicable to the expansion of global markets to poor, low income, and indigenous communities? After reading the information in chapter 8 and the information in the article, â€Å"Marketers pursue the shallow pocketed†, it is my conclusion that the information being discussed in this article is a clear example of colonialism.As stated in the textbook, Colonialism tended to deprive a society not only of its wealth and freedom, but also of its very character, leaving the local people intellectually and morally disoriented (Fanon, 1963), this is a lot like the article which shows that marketing to the poor has become a very hot subject. Identify two potential positives and two negatives direct marketing of the poor has on people and th eir economies. One positive thing that direct marketing of the poor has on people and their economies is that the people will be able to purchase items they need and want at lower prices.Another positive aspect of direct marketing is that the economy improves as more money is being spent. One of the negative aspects of direct marketing is that products will be provided in excess however the items may be of a lower quality, and the second negative aspect is that the poor people are being encouraged to purchase unnecessarily and perhaps overindulging in things that are not necessarily needed. RESOURCES: Nowak, B. , & Laird, P. , (2010), Cultural Anthropology- 8. 2: Modern States: Industrialization and the Global World: Economy   Retrieved from https://content. ashford. edu/books/AUANT101. 10. 2/sections/sec8. 2

Formal Memo Proposal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Formal Memo Proposal - Research Paper Example Organizations have rivals as well as companies that complement their services. The audience should realize that the greater benefit goes to the end users who use the goods or services provided by the business. Traditional B2B transaction procedures are ineffective because they require enterprises to calculate transactions costs for setting up and maintaining stores. The personnel carrying out the transaction must be paid duly besides footing other business expenditure when linking up with other firms. Additionally, organizations must ensure that they have conducted many operations to decrease the overall costs incurred. The distributors are also required to prepare to handle high quantities of goods. Poor business-to-business transaction strategies have led to poor profits in businesses. Ineffective B2B strategies play a significant role in contributing towards massive losses that businesses incur when carrying out transactions. Dependence on stores to allow easy distribution of goods calls for extra business expenditures such as personnel to move and distribute goods to other enterprises. The current B2B transaction procedures are ineffective because of the high quantities of goods supplied. The transactions are run with utter inaccuracy due to involvement of high human processing systems. The ineffective brick and mortar transactions can benefit from digital methods, but there are businesses that are yet to exploit the alternative. The proper B2B strategy will help businesses facilitate lucrative transfer of raw materials, components, and parts that can boost their revenue base. The quantity of sales may not be high in a single transaction, but it accumulates to a high amounts. A business does not need to focus on selling goods to customers only. Businesses have the potential to explore transaction procedures that have on costs and increase the overall profit expected.

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University of Texas Discussion - Essay Example In fact, the health professionals bring their ideas and skills to a common pool thereby making multidisciplinary care the most outstanding approach in handling cancer ailments. The success of head and neck center can be attributed to the experienced team of professionals and adoption of the new technology in cancer treatment (Feig, 2006). The management team and the human resource department of the center have established candid mechanisms of acquiring super qualified medical professional. In addition, MD Anderson has laid modern infrastructure that enhance efficient service delivery to the patient. The center has embraced the new technology in assessing and analyzing the patient’s conditions (Bernier, 2011). The equipments found at the center are not common in other institution providing the same services. In essence, almost all the equipments required for head and neck cancer treatment are present at the center. The patient evaluation strategy adopted at the center is unique in that, it comprehensively covers the patient’s

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Respond - Essay Example In her responses to the questions asked in the quiz, the writer makes it clear that those around her are very (if not the most) important people her line of work. In her previous experience she worked with someone whose communication skills were wanting and she doesn’t want a repeat of the same with both her superiors and colleagues at work. She is also honest with herself and admits that patience is a skill that she will need to develop farther as she seeks to improve herself and become a more effective communicator. She is proud of the communication skills she developed as a student in college and looks forward to using them in resolving conflicts at work. The writer is honest with herself and admits that she lacks the confidence to speak in front of people. This stems from her lack of confidence in her abilities and probably the fear of making mistakes. Not all is lost, however. Teaching has made her confidence grow day by day. Rightly so, she is optimistic that the progress will lead to better careers opportunities for her in future, as long as the progress and growth continues

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ArelorMittal's policy in relation to dealing with cultural and social Essay

ArelorMittal's policy in relation to dealing with cultural and social environments - Essay Example Last year the company shipped more than quarter of million tons to the region. Renault has announced to set up a factory in Morocco to serve the customers of Europe and North Africa. The company has mills in Spain and France and supplies steel to Casablanca. ArcelorMittal has extended their footprints in Morocco which was identified as the potential country of the Maghreb region. In order to meet the requirements of Renaults, ArcelorMittal made serial deliveries to Melloussa from December, 2011. The company entered into agreements with leading appliance producing corporations and ensured supply of steel for the production process. To offer steel to the oil and gas industry the company is refining the products as well as identifying the existing steels which are suited for the energy sector. New markets are opening up for the company on the edges of Europe. Turkey is one such country. France and Canada are some of the countries where ArcelorMittal has entered. The company also has ope rations in Brazil and Mexico. Altogether the presence of the company is in 60 countries worldwide. Problems in integrating business The company needs to shift beyond the good intensions on social issues and turn the words into deeds. Although the company plays its part in corporate social responsibility it continues to pollute the environment. According to the new report of Global Action on ArcelorMittal the company risks the lives and displaces local communities. The resettlement plans for the local people were unclear while the company started iron ore mining operations in Nimba County, Liberia (ArcelorMittal Group-a, 2012, pp. 21-24). The people were deprived from permanent employment in the mine and posed a threat o the Mount Nimba Nature Reserve. According to the authorities of the Friends of the Earth Liberia the lack of transparency in the management is a concern when one studies the track records of the company on other countries. The residents of Eastern Europe and South Af rica complain that the company has done little in reducing the high levels of air pollution. The approach of the company towards reduction of air pollution has not been effective although several meetings were conducted with the local communities (ArcelorMittal Group, 2010, pp. 14-15). The European steel plants of ArcelorMittal benefited from huge amount of loans directed to them from the International Finance Corporation but the area of reducing pollution still remains ignored. The safety investments of ArcelorMittal have remained unchanged for Kazakhstan for quite a long time. In spite of the health and safety projects 35 miners lost their lives in the mines of the company in 2008 in two separate incidents. The city of Temirtau is chocked with pollution even now. Questions can be raised regarding the ethics of the company. The company established a mechanism for the employees with which they can raise their concerns against an issue in the working environment (ArcelorMittal-a, 201 2). The procedures are confidential and whistle blowing. The trade unions also work for the purpose of upgrading the safety requirements. The company grievance mechanisms were developed to be in line with the principles of human rights and business of United States. Exit from the market In order to cut down the debt problems, ArcelorMittal took the initiative in scaling down the investments